Have approximately 2,500 years passing since it was founded the first School of Medicine West. Many were doctors and researchers who have gone from anesthesia to the vaccine through the endoscope and antibiotics. Have been numerous inventions and discoveries that have occurred in the last century and a half and have enabled the foundations of the current medical science.
These developments have gone unnoticed for many due to the accelerated pace so that has given the technology. Only about one hundred and fifty years seemed almost a dream to perform surgery without the patient suffers. Today these are less traumatic and postoperative periods have been reduced significantly thanks to the presence of technology in medical practice.
Have been applied more and more technologies to achieve optimum conditions for any surgical intervention. Finally, there was progress not only used to cure but also to prevent disease, and subsequently for all types of medical research, thanks to technology which has made important discoveries. Experts have been concerned with the incorporation of technological advances in medical practice, which provides a radical change in medical science in the future.
technology
is the set of abilities to build objects and machines to adapt the environment and meet our needs. It is a word of Greek origin, τεχνολογος formed by tekne (τεχνη, art, technical or trades ") and logos (λογος," all knowledge "). Although several technologies are quite different, it is common to use the term in the singular to refer to any of them or all of them all. When spelled with capital, technology can refer to the discipline that studies the theoretical knowledge common to all technologies, and technological education, school discipline devoted to familiarization with the most important technologies. Technological activity influences the social and economic progress, but has also produced the deterioration of our environment (biosphere). The technologies can be used to protect the environment and to prevent the growing needs, causing a depletion or degradation of the material and energy resources of our planet. Avoid these problems is a task not only of governments but of all. This requires a good teaching-learning technology in studies of middle school or high school and successful dissemination of problems, diagnoses and proposed solutions in the media.
technological advances
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Distinctive brain patterns could become the latest in biometric systems after some U.S. researchers have proven the success of this technology in the verification of identities during security checks
The experiments, which also analyzed the potential of heart rate for authentication of individuals, were conducted as part of a study funded by the EU to investigate biometric systems that can be used at airports, borders and certain sensitive locations for terrorist screening sospechosos.Otra series of tests had to do with a "sensitive places" truck that records every characteristic of the driver in an attempt to discover if a commercial vehicle has been secuestrado.Los details of the pilot projects Humabio (Human Monitoring and Authentication using Biodynamic Indicators and Analysis Behaviourial) have been published among other evidence that biometric technologies are penetrating into our day-to día.El British Foreign Ministry plans to invest up to 15 million pounds in fixed and mobile devices deseguridad using methods such as "facial recognition (in two and / or three dimensions), the fingerprint recognition, iris recognition and the veins of the palm of the hand." It seems that the systems and biometric sensors are triggered primarily to protect British embassies around the world. The contract, on which the British Foreign Ministry has been unwilling to give details, also mentioned for "vigilance" and "information gathering". Meanwhile, the Interior Ministry has confirmed its plans for rapid expansion in the use automated facial recognition gates at the airport in August 10 will be in operation at major airports of the Kingdom Unido.Los passengers with the latest generation passport to travel from Stansted and Manchester are already being examined by facial recognition cameras. biometric systems for verifying identity are increasingly common in commercial devices around the world. For example, new versions of mobile phones and laptops are going to market with embedded fingerprint scanners, to prevent someone from using your computer without permission, resulting in large bills or making a bad use of any dispositivo.En If the holy grail in the field of biometrics is a scanning mechanism that is socially acceptable in an era of mass transit and 100% accurate in that line, researchers are eager to develop biometric systems' contactless', capable of checking the identity of any individual at a distance.
The experiments, which also analyzed the potential of heart rate for authentication of individuals, were conducted as part of a study funded by the EU to investigate biometric systems that can be used at airports, borders and certain sensitive locations for terrorist screening sospechosos.Otra series of tests had to do with a "sensitive places" truck that records every characteristic of the driver in an attempt to discover if a commercial vehicle has been secuestrado.Los details of the pilot projects Humabio (Human Monitoring and Authentication using Biodynamic Indicators and Analysis Behaviourial) have been published among other evidence that biometric technologies are penetrating into our day-to día.El British Foreign Ministry plans to invest up to 15 million pounds in fixed and mobile devices deseguridad using methods such as "facial recognition (in two and / or three dimensions), the fingerprint recognition, iris recognition and the veins of the palm of the hand." It seems that the systems and biometric sensors are triggered primarily to protect British embassies around the world. The contract, on which the British Foreign Ministry has been unwilling to give details, also mentioned for "vigilance" and "information gathering". Meanwhile, the Interior Ministry has confirmed its plans for rapid expansion in the use automated facial recognition gates at the airport in August 10 will be in operation at major airports of the Kingdom Unido.Los passengers with the latest generation passport to travel from Stansted and Manchester are already being examined by facial recognition cameras. biometric systems for verifying identity are increasingly common in commercial devices around the world. For example, new versions of mobile phones and laptops are going to market with embedded fingerprint scanners, to prevent someone from using your computer without permission, resulting in large bills or making a bad use of any dispositivo.En If the holy grail in the field of biometrics is a scanning mechanism that is socially acceptable in an era of mass transit and 100% accurate in that line, researchers are eager to develop biometric systems' contactless', capable of checking the identity of any individual at a distance.
ojo bionico
The experiment is based on a computer chip that sits at the rear of the human eye. It works through a connection to a mini video camera built into glasses that the person should wear.
The images are captured by the camera and processed by the chip and then transfer the information through which impulses the brain can interpre
The images are captured by the camera and processed by the chip and then transfer the information through which impulses the brain can interpre
Light of hope
Professor Dagnelie said: "The retinal implant contains tiny electrodes. If a stimulating one, the person will see a single point of light
The mechanism was designed by Professor Dagnelie Gislin of Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore. According to Dagnelie, tests on humans will be conducted in the course of next year. Although the images produced by the artificial eye were far from perfect, are sufficiently clear to enable a visually impaired person to recognize human faces and objects. The invention will benefit patients who suffer a major cause of blindness, macular degeneration, which only affects the United Kingdom over 500 thousand people. The implant would render effect damaged cells in the retina and stimulate those that remain functional. Hasta el momento ha probado el mecanismo con un número reducido de electrodos, pero se espera que la versión final contenga entre 50 y 100 electrodos para ofrecer un panorama más completo We hope that will suffice for a person is able to find their way in a building, open doors or windows and avoid obstacles. " "We might seem very basic actions, but for a blind person would be a very important, "added Professor Dagnelie, clarifying that "there is still much work to refine the system." Advances in medical analysis New scientific advances in the field of investigations of substances that will in the near future to conduct medical tests on the instant of the skin superificie detecting substances without having to draw blood and send a sample to a laboratory. According to an article in the MIT Technology Review, a new technique developed by a team of Purdue University and based on the adaptation of the popular mass spectrometry method. By using this new method, doctors and coroners will be able to detect and identify substances on the surface of materials such as cloth, paper, wood and leather. Mass spectrometry is applied to identify unknown samples by calculating its molecular weight. But for the substances analyzed in this way requires that the molecules get an electric charge. This ionization process requires the use of large vacuum chambers, or a very thorough preparation of the samples, which makes the application of mass spectrometry to date has been restricted to the scope of a laboratory. But thanks to scientific advances developed by the Purdue team, the new method does not need any of the above conditions (vacuum chamber or long sample preparation), because it is much easier. Simply applying a jet of pressurized fluid with electric charge on the surface to be analyzed. The drops act like projectiles microscopes, removing visible pieces of the sample and transferring the burden of these molecules as well. Then the drops, with the molecules of the sample who have been inside, they are aspirated by a standard mass spectrometer. A robotic prosthesis restores mobility to a couple amputee whose arm was The technique, surgeons have developed the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago (United States), can greatly change the situation of people who have lost an arm or a leg. From time to do so with a woman who suffered 24 years in May 2004 in an amputation at the height of the humerus, ie lost the hand, forearm and most of his left arm. The intervention, conducted in August 2005, consisted of recovery of the nerves in the amputated limb and its transfer to the upper chest, where he joined the nerve of that muscle. The idea was to recover the path of the nerve to use the arm and chest muscles as amplifiers of the electrical signal to the electrodes of the prosthesis much easier to recover from. Finally, thanks to the very mechanism of the prosthesis, the artificial hand that made the movement a person has in his head, for example, take a glass. But there is more sensitivity. Surgeons also innervated a piece of skin that extended from the chest to the shoulder, which had previously withdrawn his own nerves would not have to signal interference. Also removed from the subcutaneous tissue but not all, not to alter the appearance of the breast. Furthermore, some sensors installed in the hand of the prosthesis to quantify the pressure, temperature and texture of objects. These messages are sent to electrodes placed on the skin reinervada that apply pressure, temperature and texture similar. The patient was discharged after four days of intervention, according to documents the study published in the journal The Lancet. After he was trained to activate as soon as possible all the muscles and nervous system and, for the three months, began to feel some pulling in the muscles of his chest each time he closed his hand or bend your elbow. For the six months were recorded signal at all sites where the muscles were transferred nerves. At that time, he placed a new prosthesis with an experimental arm, elbow, wrist and hand motor and designed to use the signals mioeléctricas the area intervened and move the elbow and arm. It then put the arm in two pressure sensitive pads so she could control the wrist. In a few days, the patient admitted that if he thought his hand to open or stretch the elbow, the prosthesis responded well but, although he was able to control the wrist at the same time, it was rarely required because a much greater cognitive effort. Nearly eight months after the operation, and women could carry things, cook, clean house, do the laundry ... Whenever a stimulus was applied to the skin innervated chest and shoulder, the patient felt the stimulus on his hand away. Although more than a pressure which is a tingling note, women can receive an increase in pressure, vibration and the sensation of cold and heat. Furthermore, it is able to differentiate whether the object that is pointed or blunt picks. The authors of the study, while acknowledging that there are aspects that can be improved in the future, are thrilled with the results: "Perhaps the most important aspect of this technique is psychological. Improve the perception of patients than they are playing could help them incorporate their prosthesis within its own image in a more positive, and improve their communication with their physical and social environment |
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